What functions does a scientific calculator have?

Scientific calculators include: trigonometric functions (sin, cos, tan and inverses), logarithms (log base 10 and natural log), exponentials, roots (square, cube, nth), factorials, combinations and permutations, pi and e constants, degree/radian conversion, and statistical functions like mean and standard deviation.

What is the order of operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS)?

PEMDAS (US) or BODMAS (UK): Parentheses/Brackets, Exponents/Orders, Multiplication and Division (left to right), Addition and Subtraction (left to right). Example: 2 + 3 x 4 = 2 + 12 = 14, NOT (2+3) x 4 = 20.

What is the difference between log and ln?

log (log base 10) asks: 10 to what power equals this number? log(100)=2, log(1000)=3. ln (natural log, base e=2.71828) asks: e to what power equals this? ln(e)=1, ln(1)=0. ln is used in calculus, growth/decay models, and many physics equations.

How do I calculate e to a power?

e^x (e to the power x) is the exponential function. e = 2.71828... e^1 = 2.718, e^2 = 7.389, e^3 = 20.086. On a scientific calculator, use the e^x or exp() button. e^x is the inverse function of the natural logarithm ln(x).

Scientific Calculator

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Scientific Calculator — Guide & Functions

This free online scientific calculator supports trigonometric functions, logarithms, powers, roots, and the mathematical constants π and e. Use the on-screen keypad or type your expression directly.

Supported functions

Function	Syntax	Example	Result
Sine	sin(x)	sin(30°)	0.5 (in degrees)
Cosine	cos(x)	cos(0)	1
Tangent	tan(x)	tan(45°)	1
Square root	sqrt(x)	sqrt(16)	4
Cube root	cbrt(x)	cbrt(27)	3
Power	x^n	2^10	1024
Log base 10	log(x)	log(100)	2
Natural log	ln(x)	ln(e)	1
Absolute value	abs(x)	abs(-7)	7
Pi constant	pi	2*pi	6.2832…
Euler's number	e	e^2	7.389…

Common scientific formulas

Quadratic formula

x = (−b ± √(b² − 4ac)) / (2a) — enter as: sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)

Pythagorean theorem

c = √(a² + b²) — enter as: sqrt(a^2 + b^2)

Euler's identity

e^iπ + 1 = 0 — one of the most beautiful equations in mathematics, linking e, π, i, 1, and 0.

References

Abramowitz, M. & Stegun, I.A. (1964). Handbook of Mathematical Functions. National Bureau of Standards.
Stewart, J. (2015). Calculus: Early Transcendentals (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.